Difference between revisions of "Main Page: Morphological Processes"
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== Aspect == | |||
Aspectual morphemes in Igala occur before a verb. | Aspectual morphemes in Igala occur before a verb. | ||
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=== Aspect and Stative Verbs === | |||
If the aspect marker a is present in a sentence right after the subject, it will create a future reading for stative verbs (example 4), but a present progressive reading for eventive verbs (example 5). | If the aspect marker a is present in a sentence right after the subject, it will create a future reading for stative verbs (example 4), but a present progressive reading for eventive verbs (example 5). | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| “I love them.” | | “I love them.” | ||
|} | |||
==== How Aspect Combines with Different Tenses in Igala === | |||
''Present: Ø'' | |||
'''(6)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u||gʷugʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I sit” | |||
|} | |||
''Habitual Present : tʃe + a for most statives, a for li'' | |||
'''(7)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u ||tʃ(e) ||a ||gʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG ||AUX AUX ||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I always sit.” | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
'''(8)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| na ||lʲu ||ɔdʒɔ ||du | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||see||day||every | |||
|- | |||
| “I see him everyday.” | |||
|} | |||
''Future'' | |||
'''(9)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| nǎ||gʷ(u)||ǎnē | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||sit||down | |||
|- | |||
| “I will sit.” | |||
|} | |||
''Past: tʃe'' | |||
'''(10)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u ||tʃe ||gʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG ||AUX ||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I sat.” | |||
|- | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 15:54, 1 March 2022
Aspect
Aspectual morphemes in Igala occur before a verb.
The morpheme a indicates imperfective aspect.
(1)
| ēlì | lɛ̄ | ā | tʃè | mī | ôlū |
| song | DEF.DIST | IPFV | do | 1SG.OBJ | sleep(N) |
| ‘The song is making me sleepy.’ | |||||
The morpheme na indicates that an action is in progress.
(2)
| ábʲá | lɛ̄ | nǎ | kò |
| dog | DEF.DIST | PROG | bark |
| ‘The dog was barking.’ | |||
The morpheme ɲa has a similar meaning to 'go' in English. The morpheme indicates that an event/action will occur in the future.
(3)
| ɛ̌ | ɲá | kpɔ̄ | ɔnà | lɛ́ | fɔ̄ | ɔ̀nâ |
| 2SG.IPFV | go | break | door | DEF.DIST | break | tomorrow |
| ‘You will break the door tomorrow.’ | ||||||
Aspect and Stative Verbs
If the aspect marker a is present in a sentence right after the subject, it will create a future reading for stative verbs (example 4), but a present progressive reading for eventive verbs (example 5).
(4)
| nǎ | lʲ(i) | u |
| 1SG | see | 3SG |
| “I will see him.” |
(5)
| nǎ | fɛ̀dɔ̀ | mā |
| 1SG | love | 3PL |
| “I love them.” |
= How Aspect Combines with Different Tenses in Igala
Present: Ø
(6)
| u | gʷugʷu |
| 1SG | sit |
| “I sit” |
Habitual Present : tʃe + a for most statives, a for li
(7)
| u | tʃ(e) | a | gʷu |
| 1SG | AUX AUX | sit | |
| “I always sit.” | |||
(8)
| na | lʲu | ɔdʒɔ | du |
| 1SG | see | day | every |
| “I see him everyday.” |
Future
(9)
| nǎ | gʷ(u) | ǎnē |
| 1SG | sit | down |
| “I will sit.” |
Past: tʃe
(10)
| u | tʃe | gʷu |
| 1SG | AUX | sit |
| “I sat.” |