Difference between revisions of "Main Page: Morphological Processes"
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(Created page with "==== Aspect ==== The morpheme ''a'' indicates imperfective aspect. (1) {| {{table}} |ēlì |lɛ̄ |ā |tʃè |mī |ôlū |- |song |DEF.DIST |IPFV |do |1SG.OBJ |sleep(N) |-...") |
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== Aspect == | |||
Aspectual morphemes in Igala occur before a verb as particles. The word order remains SVO. | |||
The morpheme ''a'' indicates imperfective aspect. | The morpheme ''a'' indicates imperfective aspect. | ||
(1) | '''(1)''' | ||
{| {{table}} | {| {{table}} | ||
Line 25: | Line 27: | ||
The morpheme ''na'' indicates that an action is in progress. | The morpheme ''na'' indicates that an action is in progress. | ||
(2) | '''(2)''' | ||
{| {{table}} | {| {{table}} | ||
Line 43: | Line 45: | ||
The morpheme ''ɲa'' has a similar meaning to 'go' in English. The morpheme indicates that an event/action will occur in the future. | The morpheme ''ɲa'' has a similar meaning to 'go' in English. The morpheme indicates that an event/action will occur in the future. | ||
(3) | '''(3)''' | ||
{| {{table}} | {| {{table}} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|colspan="7"|‘You will break the door tomorrow.’ | |colspan="7"|‘You will break the door tomorrow.’ | ||
|} | |||
=== Aspect and Stative Verbs === | |||
If the aspect marker a is present in a sentence right after the subject, it will create a future reading for stative verbs (example 4), but a present progressive reading for eventive verbs (example 5). | |||
'''(4)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| nǎ || lʲ(i) || u | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG || see || 3SG | |||
|- | |||
| “I will see him.” | |||
|} | |||
'''(5)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| nǎ || fɛ̀dɔ̀ || mā | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG || love || 3PL | |||
|- | |||
| “I love them.” | |||
|} | |||
=== How Aspect Combines with Different Tenses in Igala === | |||
''Present: Ø'' | |||
'''(6)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u||gʷugʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I sit” | |||
|} | |||
''Habitual Present : tʃe + a for most statives, a for li'' | |||
'''(7)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u ||tʃ(e) ||a ||gʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG ||AUX AUX ||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I always sit.” | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
'''(8)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| na ||lʲu ||ɔdʒɔ ||du | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||see||day||every | |||
|- | |||
| “I see him everyday.” | |||
|} | |||
''Future'' | |||
'''(9)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| nǎ||gʷ(u)||ǎnē | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG||sit||down | |||
|- | |||
| “I will sit.” | |||
|} | |||
''Past: tʃe'' | |||
'''(10)''' | |||
{| {{table}} | |||
| u ||tʃe ||gʷu | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG ||AUX ||sit | |||
|- | |||
| “I sat.” | |||
|- | |||
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 15:02, 2 March 2022
Aspect
Aspectual morphemes in Igala occur before a verb as particles. The word order remains SVO.
The morpheme a indicates imperfective aspect.
(1)
ēlì | lɛ̄ | ā | tʃè | mī | ôlū |
song | DEF.DIST | IPFV | do | 1SG.OBJ | sleep(N) |
‘The song is making me sleepy.’ |
The morpheme na indicates that an action is in progress.
(2)
ábʲá | lɛ̄ | nǎ | kò |
dog | DEF.DIST | PROG | bark |
‘The dog was barking.’ |
The morpheme ɲa has a similar meaning to 'go' in English. The morpheme indicates that an event/action will occur in the future.
(3)
ɛ̌ | ɲá | kpɔ̄ | ɔnà | lɛ́ | fɔ̄ | ɔ̀nâ |
2SG.IPFV | go | break | door | DEF.DIST | break | tomorrow |
‘You will break the door tomorrow.’ |
Aspect and Stative Verbs
If the aspect marker a is present in a sentence right after the subject, it will create a future reading for stative verbs (example 4), but a present progressive reading for eventive verbs (example 5).
(4)
nǎ | lʲ(i) | u |
1SG | see | 3SG |
“I will see him.” |
(5)
nǎ | fɛ̀dɔ̀ | mā |
1SG | love | 3PL |
“I love them.” |
How Aspect Combines with Different Tenses in Igala
Present: Ø
(6)
u | gʷugʷu |
1SG | sit |
“I sit” |
Habitual Present : tʃe + a for most statives, a for li
(7)
u | tʃ(e) | a | gʷu |
1SG | AUX AUX | sit | |
“I always sit.” | |||
(8)
na | lʲu | ɔdʒɔ | du |
1SG | see | day | every |
“I see him everyday.” |
Future
(9)
nǎ | gʷ(u) | ǎnē |
1SG | sit | down |
“I will sit.” |
Past: tʃe
(10)
u | tʃe | gʷu |
1SG | AUX | sit |
“I sat.” |